5.2.4

Explain the signal-detection process.

            Often referred to as the detection-comparison-recognition process (DCR).

            Detection is the process of registering the stimulus through then sense organs

            Comparison is the process of referring to the stimulus to the memory, to compare it to previously stored stimulus.

            Recognition is the process of finding a corresponding stimulus in the memory.

            **The probability of detecting any given signal depends on the intensity of the signal compared to the intensity of the background noise.

            Individuals receive about 100,000 pieces of information per second. This information may be from the environment or from within the person themselves. Thus actually perceiving an important piece of information, the “signal”, is problematic.

            Background noise: or the nonessential information may be actual noise (sound of spectators) but covers all information that is not part of the signal. This can be visual or from within yourself such as worrying about failing.

            Intensity of the stimulus:

            Efficiency of the sense organs: the sensitivity to a stimulus may depend on the efficiency of the person’s sense organs (eyes, vestibular apparatus)

Early signal detection: also experience. Familiar signals are thought to be more readily detected than unfamiliar ones.

When arousal is low the signal is missed (error of omission). If arousal is high and detection is considered to be a high priority he individual may perceive a signal when one does not exist (error of commission).

Improving signal detection: can be done by ensuring that the performer is optimally aroused but can also be aided by good selective attention.