4.2.1

Outline the types of movement of synovial joints.

Flexion: decreases the angle between articulating elements and closes the joint.

Extension: Movement that increases the angle between articulating elements opening the joint.

Abduction: movement away from the body’s center/midline.

Adduction: Movement towards the body’s center/midline.

Pronation: rotating palm down (or foot inward).

Supination: rotating palm up (or foot out).

Elevation: refers to movement in a superior direction.

Depression: refers to movement in an inferior direction.

Rotation: turning the body around the longitudinal axis. (Transvers plane)

Circumduction: tri-planer, circle motion at hip or shoulder.

Dorsi flexion: refers to flexion at the ankle, so that the foot points more superiorly.

Planter flexion: refers extension at the ankle, so that the foot points more inferiorly.

Eversion: when the ankle rolls inward.

Inversion: when the ankle rolls outward.